睡眠剥夺后警觉性注意的改变及恢复

张静茹; 曹志成

doi:10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.224025

心理学通讯 >

2024 , Vol. 7 >Issue 3: 192 - 198

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.224025

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睡眠剥夺后警觉性注意的改变及恢复

张静茹 ,
曹志成

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¹南海开放大学心理咨询中心,佛山 528000;
²华南师范大学心理学院,广州 510631;
³佛山市南海区理工职业技术学校学生心理发展指导中心,佛山 528000

张静茹,南海开放大学心理健康教育负责人,讲师,华南师范大学应用心理学硕士,研究方向为心理健康教育、睡眠。

^*曹志成caozhicheng@vip.163.com

网络出版日期: 2025-03-20

基金资助

广东省中职德育“十四五”规划2023年课题（23ZZDYYY48）

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Changes and Recovery in Vigilant Attention Following Sleep Deprivation

ZHANG Jingru ,
CAO Zhicheng

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¹The Open University of Nanhai, Foshan 528000, China;
²School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;
³Nanhai Vocational School of Polytechnic, Foshan 528000, China

^*CAOZhicheng,caozhicheng@vip.163.com

Online published: 2025-03-20

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摘要

目的: 探讨睡眠剥夺和恢复性睡眠对警觉性注意的影响。
方法: 纳入21名无昼夜轮班工作、无跨时区出行、无睡眠障碍、无不规律作息的志愿者,其中男性7人、女性14人,年龄21.14（2.00）岁。采用精神运动警觉性任务（psychomotor vigilance test,PVT）和卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表（Karolinska Sleepiness Scale,KSS）测量被试在正常睡眠、睡眠剥夺和恢复性睡眠3种状态下的警觉性注意和主观睡意,并对其差异进行探讨。
结果: 被试正常睡眠状态下PVT平均反应时为348（38） ms,睡眠剥夺状态为519（233） ms,恢复性睡眠后为334（38） ms。单因素重复测量方差分析和多重比较显示,与正常睡眠和恢复性睡眠相比,睡眠剥夺后被试PVT反应时延长（p<0.01）,反应缺失增多（p<0.01）,主观睡意较高（均p<0.001）。但恢复性睡眠后被试的主观睡意低于正常睡眠（p<0.01）。
结论: 睡眠剥夺会对个体的警觉性注意造成损害,但一晚8小时左右的恢复性睡眠足够使受睡眠剥夺影响的警觉性注意和主观睡意恢复至正常水平。

关键词： 睡眠剥夺; 警觉性注意; 恢复性睡眠; 主观睡意

本文引用格式

张静茹 , 曹志成 . 睡眠剥夺后警觉性注意的改变及恢复[J]. 心理学通讯, 2024 , 7(3) : 192 -198 . DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.224025

Abstract

Objective:To explore the effects of sleep deprivation and recovery sleep on vigilant attention.
Methods:A total of 21 volunteers without shift work, trans-time-zone travel, sleep disorders, or irregular routines were recruited. The volunteers included 7 males and 14 females, with an age of 21.14 (2.00) years. The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) were used to measure participants’ vigilant attention and subjective sleepiness under three conditions: normal sleep, sleep deprivation, and recovery sleep. Differences between the three conditions were analyzed and explored.
Results:The average PVT reaction time of participants was 348 (38) ms under normal sleep, 519 (233) ms under sleep deprivation, and 334 (38) ms after recovery sleep. One-way repeated measures ANOVA and multiple comparisons showed that, compared to normal sleep and recovery sleep, sleep deprivation resulted in prolonged PVT reaction time (p<0.01), an increased number of lapses (p<0.01), and higher subjective sleepiness (all p<0.001). However, subjective sleepiness after recovery sleep was significantly lower than that after normal sleep (p<0.01).
Conclusion:Sleep deprivation can impair an individual’s vigilant attention, but a single night (about eight hours) of recovery sleep is sufficient to restore both vigilant attention and subjective sleepiness to normal levels.

Key words： sleep deprivation; vigilant attention; recovery sleep; subjective sleepiness

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