随着互联网技术的普及,尤其是人工智能技术的广泛应用、治疗师个人信息可及性的提高,来访者通过网络检索心理咨询师/治疗师（therapist-targeted googling,TTG）的行为逐渐成为心理治疗实践中不可忽视的现象。文章基于国内外相关研究,回顾了TTG行为的现状、动机及其对心理治疗的影响。研究表明,TTG行为的发生率较高,但来访者对其TTG行为的披露率较低;TTG行为发生的动机呈多元化,包括出于好奇心、验证治疗师专业能力、满足依恋需求及寻求权力平衡等;TTG行为后,来访者的情绪反应及对治疗关系的影响存在个体差异,多数表现为中性和积极,但仍有部分来访者因信息冲突或边界模糊出现对治疗师的信任危机。文章进一步从自我暴露、治疗节制与中立等传统治疗原则出发,探讨了TTG行为对咨询师/治疗师专业角色与治疗框架带来的挑战,并提出了可行的积极应对策略,旨在帮助心理治疗临床工作者更好地适应数字化时代治疗关系的复杂性,提升心理治疗的安全性和有效性。
With the proliferation of internet technology, particularly the widespread application of artificial intelligence (AI), and the enhanced accessibility of therapists' personal information, therapist-targeted googling (TTG) has gradually become a noteworthy phenomenon in psychological counseling practice. Based on empirical studies conducted domestically and internationally, this research reviews the prevalence, motivations, and impact of TTG on therapeutic processes. It indicates that TTG is relatively common among clients even though they disclose such behavior infrequently. Motivations for TTG are diverse, including curiosity, verification of professional competence, attachment needs, and the pursuit of power balance. Emotional responses following TTG and its effects on the therapeutic relationship show considerable individual variation. While most outcomes are neutral to positive, some clients experience a crisis of trust due to conflicting information or perceived boundary ambiguities. Furthermore, drawing on traditional counseling principles such as self-disclosure, abstinence, and neutrality, this paper examines the challenges TTG poses to the therapist's professional role and therapeutic framework. The authors propose practical strategies to help psychotherapists better navigate the complexities of therapeutic relationships in the digital age, thereby enhancing safety and effectiveness of psychotherapy.
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