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视觉意识神经机制研究中的“冰箱门问题”

  • 叶木旺
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  • 1教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津 300387;
    2天津师范大学心理学部,天津 300387;
    3天津市学生心理健康与智能评估重点实验室,天津 300387;
    4中国科学院心理研究所,脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,北京 100101
叶木旺,教育学博士,天津师范大学心理学部讲师,硕士生导师,研究方向为意识与人工智能、心理健康教育。
* 叶木旺 yemuwang@tjnu.edu.cn

网络出版日期: 2025-12-10

基金资助

天津市哲学社会科学规划课题青年项目(TJJX21-014)

The "Refrigerator Door Problem" in the Study of the Neural Mechanisms of Visual Awareness

  • YE Muwang
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  • 1Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
    2Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
    3Tianjin Key Laboratory of Student Mental Health and Intelligence Assessment, Tianjin 300387, China;
    4State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
* YE Muwang, yemuwang@tjnu.edu.cn

Online published: 2025-12-10

摘要

视觉意识的神经机制研究被誉为21世纪人类基础科学研究的桂冠。近些年来,研究者越来越关注视觉意识相关的神经活动与意识报告相关的神经活动容易发生混淆的问题,该问题也被称为“冰箱门问题”。文章系统梳理有关“冰箱门问题”的事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)研究,通过分别回顾基于报告范式和非报告范式的研究,对当前研究的进展与不足进行分析和总结。未来的研究应分别着重围绕“冰箱门问题”与意识概念、非报告范式及视觉意识相关的潜在ERP成分之间的关系进行深入探讨,从而更好地揭示视觉意识的神经机制。

本文引用格式

叶木旺 . 视觉意识神经机制研究中的“冰箱门问题”[J]. 心理学通讯, 2025 , 8(3) : 249 -256 . DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.225034

Abstract

The study of the neural mechanisms of visual consciousness is hailed as a crown jewel of basic scientific research for humanity in the 21st century. In recent years, researchers have paid increasing attention to the issue that neural activity related to visual consciousness is easily confounded with neural activity related to conscious reports. This issue is also known as the "Refrigerator Door Problem." This paper systematically reviews the event-related potential (ERP) studies on the "Refrigerator Door Problem." By respectively reviewing research based on report-based and non-report-based paradigms, it analyzes and summarizes the progress and shortcomings of current research. This paper argues that future studies should focus on in-depth explorations of the relationships between the "Refrigerator Door Problem" and the concept of consciousness, non-report-based paradigms, and potential ERP components related to visual consciousness. This will contribute to a better understanding of the neural mechanisms of visual consciousness.

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