REVIEWS & OVERVIEWS

Application of Online Psychological Interventions on “Prolonged Grief”

  • NIE Yuting ,
  • QU Na
Expand
  • 1Center of Psychological Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) Affiliated Wuhan Mental Hospital, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China;
    2Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430012 Wuhan, China
*QU Na, questina@163.com

Online published: 2024-10-16

Abstract

There has been a gradual development of online psychological interventions that use the internet as the medium for the treatment of prolonged grief over the years. Especially in the COVID-19 pandemic, it plays a non-negligible role. After the pandemic subsides, how to effectively treat the bereaved with prolonged grief with psychological intervention will be an important proposition. This paper reviews the literature on online psychological interventions for prolonged grief, summarizes the form, content and effect of the current online psychological interventions, and explores the application of online psychological interventions on the bereaved in the post-COVID-19 era. This review can provide effective information for future online psychological intervention programs and facilitate establishing mature online diagnosis and treatment strategies, making up for the shortage of traditional psychological treatment services for the bereaved families in the context of the pandemic.

Cite this article

NIE Yuting , QU Na . Application of Online Psychological Interventions on “Prolonged Grief”[J]. Psychological Communications, 2021 , 4(2) : 115 -121 . DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.220057

References

[1] 耿瑞杰, 季建林. (2020). 复杂性哀伤治疗的研究进展. 心理学通讯,3(2), 91-94. doi: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.220039
[2] Google. (2021). Grief-Google Play上Android应用. 2021-03-30 取自 https://play.google.com/store/search?q=grief&c=apps
[3] 刘新宪, 王建平. (2019). 我走出来了吗——正常哀伤反应与病理性哀伤. 心理与健康, (12), 90-92.
[4] 搜狐网. (2020). VR技术帮韩国妈妈与去世的女儿再相见. 2020-07-17 取自 https://www.sohu.com/a/374622178_633698
[5] 徐洁, 何丽, 王建平. (2020). 新冠肺炎疫情背景下丧亲者哀伤反应特点及哀伤咨询工作建议. 中国心理卫生杂志,34(4), 382-386. doi; 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2020.4.016
[6] Andriessen K., Krysinska K., Hill N. T. M., Reifels L., Robinson J., Reavley N., & Pirkis J. (2019). Effectiveness of interventions for people bereaved through suicide: A systematic review of controlled studies of grief, psychosocial and suicide-related outcomes.BMC Psychiatry, 19(1). doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2020-z
[7] APA Council on Psychiatry & Law (Ed.). (2014). Resource Document on Telepsychiatry and Related Technologies in Clinical Psychiatry. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved March 21, 2021 from https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Psychiatrists/Directories/Library-and-Archive/resource_documents/Resource-2014-Telepsychiatry-Clinical-Psychiatry.pdf
[8] Bagheri L., Nazari A. M., Chaman R., Ghiasi A., & Motaghi Z. (2020). The effectiveness of healing interventions for post-abortion grief: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Iran J Public Health, 49(3), 426-436 doi: 10.18502/ijph.v49i3.3123
[9] Berger, T. (2017). The therapeutic alliance in internet interventions: A narrative review and suggestions for future research.Psychotherapy Res, 27(5), 511-524. doi: 10.1080/10503307.2015.1119908
[10] Boelen, P. A., & Smid, G. E. (2017). Disturbed grief: prolonged grief disorder and persistent complex bereavement disorder.BMJ, 357, j2016. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j2016
[11] Borgueta A. M., Purvis C. K., & Newman M. G. (2018). Navigating the ethics of Internet-guided self-help interventions.Clin Psychol-Sci Pr, 25(2), e12235. doi: 10.1111/cpsp.12235
[12] Brodbeck J., Berger T., Biesold N., Rockstroh F., & Znoj H. J. (2019). Evaluation of a guided internet-based self-help intervention for older adults after spousal bereavement or separation/divorce: A randomised controlled trial.J Affect Disorders, 252, 440-449. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.008
[13] Djelantik A. A. A. M., Smid G. E., Mroz A., Kleber R. J., & Boelen P. A. (2020). The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in bereaved individuals following unnatural losses: Systematic review and meta regression analysis. J Affect Disorders, 265, 146-156. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.034
[14] Eisma M. C., Boelen P. A., van den Bout J., Stroebe W., Schut H. A. W., Lancee J., & Stroebe M. S. (2015). Internet-based exposure and behavioral activation for complicated grief and rumination: A randomized controlled trial.Behav Ther, 46(6), 729-748. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2015.05.007
[15] Eisma M. C., Boelen P. A., & Lenferink, L. I. M. (2020). Prolonged grief disorder following the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.Psychiatry Res, 288, 113031. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.11303
[16] Eisma M. C., Lenferink L. I. M., Chow A. Y. M., Chan C. L. W., & Li J. (2019). Complicated grief and post-traumatic stress symptom profiles in bereaved earthquake survivors: A latent class analysis.Eur J Psychotraumato, 10(1), 1558707. doi: 10.1080/20008198. 2018.1558707
[17] Elder, J., & Burke, L. A. (2015). Parental grief expression in online cancer support groups. Illness,Crisis & Loss, 23(2), 175-190. doi: 10.1177/1054137315576617
[18] Fagherazzi G., Goetzinger C., Rashid M. A., Aguayo G. A., & Huiart L. (2020). Digital health strategies to fight COVID-19 worldwide: Challenges, recommendations, and a call for papers.J Med Internet Res, 22(6), e19284. doi: 10.2196/19284
[19] Fitzpatrick K. K., Darcy A., & Vierhile M. (2017). Delivering cognitive behavior therapy to young adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety using a fully automated conversational agent (Woebot): A randomized controlled trial.JMIR Mental Health, 4(2), e19. doi: 10.2196/mental.7785
[20] Gesi C., Carmassi C., Cerveri G., Carpita B., Cremone I. M., & Dell’Osso L. (2020). Complicated grief: What to expect after the coronavirus pandemic. Front Psychiatry, 11, 489. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00489
[21] Hoffmann R., Große J., Nagl M., Niederwieser D., Mehnert A., & Kersting A. (2018). Internet-based grief therapy for bereaved individuals after loss due to Haematological cancer: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.BMC Psychiatry, 18(1), 52. doi: 10.1186/s12888-018-1633-y
[22] Inkster B., O’Brien R., Selby E., Joshi S., Subramanian V., Kadaba M.,.. Mateen B. A. (2020). Digital health management during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: Opportunities, barriers, and recommendations. JMIR Ment Health, 7(7), e19246. doi: 10.2196/19246
[23] Johannsen M., Damholdt M. F., Zachariae R., Lundorff M., Farver-Vestergaard I., & O’Connor M. (2019). Psychological interventions for grief in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Affect Disorders, 253, 69-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.065
[24] Jordan, A. H., & Litz, B. T. (2014). Prolonged grief disorder: Diagnostic, assessment, and treatment considerations.Prof Psychol-Res Pr, 45(3), 180-187. doi: 10.1037/a0036836
[25] Klein J. P., Gerlinger G., Knaevelsrud C., Bohus M., Meisenzahl E., Kersting A.,.. Hauth I. (2016). Internetbasierte Interventionen in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen.Der Nervenarzt, 87(11), 1185-1193. doi: 10.1007/s00115-016-0217-7
[26] Lenferink L., de Keijser J., Eisma M., Smid G., & Boelen P. (2020). Online cognitive-behavioural therapy for traumatically bereaved people: Study protocol for a randomised waitlist-controlled trial.BMJ Open, 10(9), e35050. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035050
[27] Litz B. T., Schorr Y., Delaney E., Au T., Papa A., Fox A. B.,.. Prigerson H. G. (2014). A randomized controlled trial of an internet-based therapist-assisted indicated preventive intervention for prolonged grief disorder.Behav Res Ther, 61, 23-34. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.005
[28] Liu S., Yang L., Zhang C., Xiang Y., Liu Z., Hu S., & Zhang B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak.Lancet Psychiat, 7(4), e17-e18. doi: 10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30077-8
[29] Lundorff M., Holmgren H., Zachariae R., Farver-Vestergaard I., & O’Connor M. (2017). Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disorders, 212, 138-149. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.030
[30] Quero, S. (2020). An Internet-based Self Applied Treatment Program for Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD)(GROw)-full Text View-ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved March 27, 2021, from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04462146
[31] Stroebe M., Schut H., & Stroebe W. (2007). Health outcomes of bereavement.Lancet, 370(9603), 1960-1973. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61816-9
[32] Sun Y., Bao Y., & Lu L. (2020). Addressing mental health care for the bereaved during the COVID-19 pandemic.Psychiat Clin Neuros, 74(7), 406-407. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13008
[33] Sveen, J., & Eklund, R. (2020). Grief Coach-an App for Parents With Prolonged Grief After Losing a Child to Cancer-Full Text View-ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved March 27, 2021, from https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04552717
[34] Turner-McGrievy G. M., Hales S. B., Schoffman D. E., Valafar H., Brazendale K., Weaver R. G.,.. McGrievy M. J. (2017). Choosing between responsive-design websites versus mobile apps for your mobile behavioral intervention: Presenting four case studies.Transl Behav Med, 7(2), 224-232. doi: 10.1007/s13142-016-0448-y
[35] van Velsen L., Cabrita M., Op den Akker H., Brandl L., Isaac J., Suárez M.,.. Brodbeck J. (2020). LEAVES (optimizing the mentaL health and resiliencE of older Adults that haVe lost thEir spouSe via blended, online therapy): Proposal for an online service development and evaluation.JMIR Research Protocols, 9(9), e19344. doi: 10.2196/19344
[36] Wagner B., Hofmann L., & Maaß U. (2020). Online-group intervention after suicide bereavement through the use of webinars: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Trials, 21, 45. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3891-5
[37] Wagner B., Knaevelsrud C., & Maercker A. (2006). Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for complicated grief: A randomized controlled trial.Death Stud, 30(5), 429-453. doi: 10.1080/07481180600614385
[38] Wagner, B., & Maercker, A. (2007). A 1.5-year follow-up of an internet-based intervention for complicated grief.J Trauma Stress, 20(4), 625-629. doi: 10.1002/jts.20230
[39] Wagner, B., & Maercker, A. (2008). An Internet-based cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention for complicated grief: A pilot study.G Ital Med Lav Ergon, 30(3 Suppl B), B47-B53.
[40] World Health Organization.(2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19). Retrieved June 18, 2021, from https://covid19.who.int/Worden, J. W. (2018). Grief Counseling and Grief Therapy A Handbook for the Mental Health Practitioner (5th ed). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
Outlines

/

〈 〉