[1] Bose, J. (2006). 精神分析与其它治疗的比较(徐勇等译). 上海精神医学,18(3), 191.
[2] 林崇德, 杨治良, 黄希庭(主编). (2003). 心理学大辞典(上下)(精). 上海教育出版社..
[3] Abraham, K. (1991). The influence of oral erotism on character-formation. In Perzow, S. M., Kets de Vries, M.F.R. (Ed). Handbook of character studies: Psychoanalytic explorations. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. (Original work published 1924)
[4] Ainsworth, M. D., & Bell, S. M. (1970). Attachment, exploration, and separation: Illustrated by the behavior of one-year-olds in a strange situation.Child Dev, 41(1), 49-67.
[5] American Society of Addiction Medicine. (2019). Definition of Addiction. Retrived April 22, 2021, from https://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/quality-science/asam's-2019-definition-of-addiction-(1).pdf?sfvrsn=b8b64fc2_2
[6] Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: An overview.Psychol Inq, 7(1), 1-15. doi: 10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
[7] Director, L. (2005). Encounters with omnipotence in the psycho-analysis of substance users.Psychoanalytic Dialogues, 15(4), 567-586. doi: 10.1080/10481881509348851
[8] Dodes, L. M. (2009). Addiction as a psychological symptom.Psychodynamic Practice, 15(4), 381-393. doi: 10.1080/14753630903230468
[9] Fenichel, O. (1945). The psychoanalytic theory of neurosis. New York: Norton
[10] Flores, P. J. (2001). Addiction as an attachment disorder: Implications for group therapy.Int J Group Psychother, 51(1), 63-81. doi: 10.1521/ijgp.51.1.63.49730
[11] Fraiberg, S. (1969). Libidinal object constancy and mental representation.Psychoanal Study Child, 24, 9-47. doi: 10.1080/00797308.1969. 11822685
[12] Freud, S. (1920). Beyond the Pleasure Principle. In The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XVIII (1920-1922). London the Hogarth Press.
[13] Frosch, W. A., & Milkman, H. (1977). Ego functions in drug users.NIDA Research Monograph, (12), 142-156.
[14] Johnson, B. (1993). A developmental model of addictions, and its relationship to the twelve step program of alcoholics anonymous. J Subst Abuse Treat, 10(1), 23-34. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(93)90 095-J
[15] Johnson, B. (1999). Three perspectives on addiction.J Am Psychoanal Assoc, 47(3), 791-815. doi: 10.1177/00030651990470031301
[16] Kaplan, E. H., & Wieder, H. (1974). Drugs don’t take people, people take drugs. Secaucus, New Jersey: Lyle Stuart.
[17] Khantzian, E. J. (1977). The ego, the self, and opiate addiction: Theoretical and treatment considerations.NIDA Res Monogr, 5(12), 101-117.
[18] Khantzian, E. J. (1985). The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders: focus on heroin and cocaine dependence.Am J Psychiat, 142(11), 1259-1264.
[19] Khantzian, E. J. (1989). Addiction: Self-destruction or self-repair?J Subst Abuse Treat, 6(2), 75-76. doi: 10.1016/0740-5472(89)90032-9
[20] Khantzian, E. J. (1997). Self-regulation factors in cocaine dependence—a clinical perspective.Subst Use Misuse, 32(12-13), 1769-1774.
[21] Khantzian, E. J., & Albanese, M. J. (2008). Understanding Addiction as Self Medication: Finding Hope Behind the Pain. Lanham (MD): Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
[22] Kohut, H. (1971). The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder. The University of Chicago Press.
[23] Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. The University of Chicago Press..
[24] Koukouli F., Rooy M., Tziotis D., Sailor K. A., O’Neill H. C., Levenga J., & Maskos U. (2017). Nicotine reverses hypofrontality in animal models of addiction and schizophrenia.Nat Med, 23(3), 347-354. doi: 10.1038/nm.4274
[25] Kristiansen, S., & Opdal, L. C. (2011). Thanatos, shame and other essays: On the psychology of destructiveness. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 92(2), 495-497. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-8315.2011.00424.x.
[26] Krystal, H. (1978). Self-representation and the capacity for self care.Annual of Psycoanalysis, 6, 209-246.
[27] Krystal, H., & Raskin, H. A. (1970). Drug dependence: Aspects of ego function. Detroit: Wayne State University Press
[28] Mahler, M., Bergman, A., & Pine, F. (1975). The psychological birth of the infant: Symbiosis and individuation. New York: Basic Books.
[29] McDougall, J. (1986). Theaters of the Mind: Illusion and Truth on the Psychoanalytic Stage. London: Routledge.
[30] McDougall, J. (1989). Theatres of the Body-A Psychoanalytic Approach to Psychosomatic Illness. London: Free Association Books.
[31] Milkman, H., & Frosch, W. A. (1973). On the preferential abuse of heroin and amphetamine. J Nerv Ment Dis, 156(4), 242-248.
[32] Piaget, J. (1937). La Construction du Reel chez I’Enfant. Neuchâtel; Paris: Delachaux et Niestlé.
[33] Robison, A. J., & Nestler, E. J. (2011). Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of addiction.Nat Rev Neurosci, 12(11), 623-637. doi: 10.1038/nrn3111
[34] Steiner, H., & van Waes, V. (2013). Addiction-related gene regulation: risks of exposure to cognitive enhancers vs. other psychostimulants.Prog Neurobiol, 100, 60-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.10.001
[35] Szalavitz, M. (2007, August 28). So, what made me an addict? Special to The Washington Post.
[36] Tähkä, V. (1993). Mind and its treatment: A psychoanalytic approach. Madison, Connecticut: International Universities Press, Inc.
[37] Taipale, J. (2017). Controlling the uncontrollable. Self-regulation and the dynamics of addiction. Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review, 40(1), 29-42. doi: 10.1080/01062301.2017.1343546
[38] Volkow N. D., Koob G. F., & McLellan A. T. (2016). Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction.New Engl J Med, 374(4), 363-371. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1511480
[39] Wieder, H., & Kaplan, E. H. (1969). Drug Use in Adolescents: Psycho-dynamic Meaning and Pharmacogenic Effect.Psychoanal Stud Chil, 24(1), 399-431.
[40] Winnicott, D. W. (1971). Playing and reality. London: Tavistock Publi-cations.
[41] Wurmser, L. (1974). Psychoanalytic considerations of the etiology of compulsive drug use. J Am Psychoanal Ass, 22(4), 820-843.
