Objective: To explore whether different types of online risk exposure have unique and differential effects on the mental health of junior high school students.
Methods: A sample of 1 178 junior high school students completed the Online Risk Exposure Scale, Anxiety Scale, Depression Scale, Self-esteem Scale, and Subjective Well-being Scale. Mplus 8.3 software was used to examine the unique and differential effects of different subtypes of online risk exposure (online harassment, online sexual solicitation, personal information breaches, exposure to explicit content) on mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and subjective well-being).
Results: The results revealed that online harassment and exposure to explicit content played a unique role on middle school students' anxiety, self-esteem, and subjective well-being (p<0.001). Personal information breaches and online sexual solicitations had unique effects on depression and anxiety (p<0.001). All subtypes of online risk (online harassment, personal information breaches, online sexual solicitations, and exposure to explicit content) exposure demonstrated differential effects on anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and subjective well-being (p<0.001), with stronger predictive effects on depression and anxiety than on self-esteem and subjective well-being.
Conclusion: There are unique and differential effects of some online risk exposure subtypes on the mental health of junior high school students.
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