Objective: To explore the relationship between social comparison effect, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and involution tendency.
Methods: Using the convenience sampling method, in May 2022, a total of 555 young college students in Tianjin and Beijing were surveyed online and offline with the Identification/Contrast Social Comparison Scale, the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale, and the Involution Tendency Questionnaire. SPSS and AMOS were used to perform statistical analysis.
Results: Upward contrast, upward identification, and competence needs satisfaction positively predict the involution tendency, and downward contrast negatively predicts the involution tendency. The structural equation model (mixed type) was established with four types of social comparison effects as independent variables, involution tendency as the dependent variable, and three basic psychological needs satisfaction as the mediating variables. The mediating role is significant in three pathways (upward contrast → competence needs satisfaction → involution tendency, upward identification → competence needs satisfaction → involution tendency, downward identification → competence needs satisfaction → involution tendency)（β=-0.110, 95%CI: -0.209 to -0.050; β=0.198, 95%CI: 0.102 to 0.315; β= -0.097, 95%CI: -0.190 to -0.040）.
Conclusion: The social comparison effect predicts involution tendency to varying degrees, and competence needs satisfaction plays a mediating role between the two.

Objective: To explore the relationship between adult attachment and food craving in college students, and to investigate the mediating role of emotional regulation difficulties.
Methods: Using the method of convenience sampling, 682 college students were investigated by the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), and the General Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait (GFCQ-T). Among them, there are 194 male students (28.4%) and 488 female students (71.6%), with an average age of 21.2(2.3) years old. The collected data were analyzed by correlation analysis, regression analysis, and mediation effect test.
Results: (1) The attachment anxiety of college students was significantly positively correlated with the total score of food craving traits and emotional regulation difficulties; (2) there was a significant negative correlation between attachment avoidance and the expected dimension of food craving traits, and a significant negative correlation between the total score of emotional regulation difficulties; (3) the total score of emotional regulation difficulty was significantly positively correlated with food craving traits; (4) emotional regulation difficulties play a complete mediating role between attachment anxiety and food craving traits, with the mediating effect accounting for 61.4% of the total effect, and a 95% confidence interval of [0.28, 0.58] for the mediating effect. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for developing intervention strategies to reduce food craving from the perspective of emotional regulation.
Conclusion: The higher the level of attachment anxiety among college students, the higher the level of emotional regulation difficulty. Attachment anxiety indirectly affects food craving through emotional regulation difficulty.

Because of its advantages of convenience, authenticity, interactivity, and practicability, augmented reality (AR) has been gradually extended to the field of learning science and achieved some results. Focusing on the problem of declining learning efficiency caused by academic emotions, the multi-information design of AR learning can promote the stimulation of students' internal positive emotions and achieve the purpose of efficient learning. Based on the definition of AR multimedia learning, this paper analyzes the psychological characteristics of AR multimedia learning from the perspectives of learning context, high interaction and feedback, improvement of learning initiative, and high psychological immersion. Enhancing learning interest, stimulating internal learning motivation, reducing cognitive load, promoting metacognitive processing, and optimize the path and effect of student ability generation are the main psychological mechanisms of augmented reality multimedia learning. From the perspectives of restricting pseudo-wisdom classroom, strengthening the training of AR teaching design for teachers, having technology integration and upgrade, overcoming the “double shortage”, and exploring a new AR application mode suitable for “double-line learning”, the study pointed out the shortcomings and prospects of AR multimedia learning in the application, and it provided a positive reference for the expansion of AR multimedia technology in the field of educational psychology.

School bullying victimization has a great impact on the physical and mental health of adolescents. Therefore, an increasing number of scholars focus on the mechanism of bullying victimization on the internalizing problems. This paper summarizes the mediating factors and moderating factors of bullying victimization on internalizing problems and proposes corresponding educational suggestions, with the aim of providing reference for reducing the negative impact of school bullying and promoting the mental health development of adolescents.

Time perception is a subjective feeling, and accurate perception of time plays an important role in people's daily life. In recent years, more and more studies have found that people's perception of time is different at different ages. This review summarizes the related researches on time perception from five age groups, which are infants, children, adolescents, the middle-aged, and the elderly, and discusses in conjunction with the findings of studies on the nervous system. Researches show that people have a primitive “feel” of time from infancy. With the maturation of the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and striatum, 9-year-old children have achieved temporal sensory accuracy similar to adults. However, children are highly variable and the accuracy of estimating longer periods of time is low. Adolescents aged 15 to 25 exhibit the best time sensitivity and highest accuracy. With aging of the nervous system, thereafter, the elderly experience a decline in the accuracy of time perception and an increase in variability. Future researches could improve tasks according to the nature of the researches and the age group of participants. At the same time, we should explore how cognitive training can help people improve their time perception ability.

Non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide have become serious public health issues that endanger the physical and mental health of adolescents, and both often occur simultaneously during adolescence, especially in clinical samples of adolescents. In recent years, researchers have been exploring the differences and connections between non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide in adolescents, attempting to determine whether these two behaviors exist in the same self harm spectrum or are completely different phenomena. However, a consensus has yet to be reached. This article provides a review from the perspective of neuroimaging, using functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the differences and connections between non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide in adolescents. It is found that abnormalities in the frontal limbic system may be the common neural basis for non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide in adolescents.

In psychiatric clinical work, some patients with schizophrenia exhibit poor responsiveness to pharmacological interventions, experiencing significant psychiatric symptoms, particularly those associated with persecutory delusions. In clinical practice, how professionals interact with them, understand their symptoms, and assist in psychotherapy treatment is an area to be explored. The object-relation theory is represented by Klein, Bion, and so forth. They regard the early mother-infant relationship as the core of the psychoanalysis. The object-relation theory presents the possibility of early infant inner experiences, which are similar to the primitive anxieties observed in patients by psychiatric clinicians. Understanding the concepts of splitting, paranoia-schizoid position, and depressive position can help clinical professionals to deeply understand the possible inner experience of psychotic symptoms of patients and provide better help.

The transition from school mental health education to mental health services is an inevitable trend in the development of mental health. Psychological counseling in primary and secondary schools is extremely complex, which brings severe challenges to practitioners. This paper sorts out the practical problems of psychological counseling in primary and secondary schools, and puts forward ethical countermeasures from four aspects based on the development status of school psychological counseling in China and the social-cultural factors: (1) school psychological counseling is a professional helping activity that is different from moral education under the framework of ideological and political education, and psychological teachers should deal with the conflict of dual roles; (2) schools should respect the rights of students and maximize the well-being of students; (3) schools should balance the welfare of students and the rights of guardians, promoting home-school education; (4) for cases with severe psychological issues, the school has a responsibility for consultation and referral, and should build a “home-school-community” collaborative bridge. Psychological counseling in primary and secondary schools is an important part of school mental health education. Therefore, ethical strategies proposed for it can provide insights into addressing the challenges of school mental health education.