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    25 June 2023, Volume 6 Issue 2
      
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    IN THIS ISSUE
  • Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  64-64. 
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  • COVER STORY: The Viewer's World
  • CHI Zhou, ZHAO Junxiu
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  65-65. 
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  • ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • ZHU Mingyu, ZHANG Yudi
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  66-73.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223012
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    Objective: To explore the current stigmatization of professional psychological help-seeking behavior, analyze its specific manifestations and causes, and provide suggestions for de-stigmatization.
    Methods: Convenient sampling and purposive sampling methods were used to select 10 common people and 10 professionals for semi-structured interviews, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.
    Results: The stigmatization of professional psychological help-seeking behavior is reflected in the cognition of defining such behavior as abnormal and belittling the ability of help seekers; emotionally manifested in feeling ashamed about help-seeking behavior, and many people do not acknowledge the help-seeking needs of themselves; behaviorally reflected by the avoidance of mentioning the needs for professional help and the preference for seeking help from non-professionals. The stigmatization of professional psychological help-seeking behavior is influenced by culture, propaganda, language, interpersonal relationship and help- seekers themselves.
    Conclusion: It is necessary to work on culture, propaganda, language, interpersonal relationship, and help- seekers themselves to de-stigmatize professional psychological help-seeking behavior, foster benign public cognition, and create a more open social environment for the provision of professional psychological help.
  • YU Yang, FAN Weiqiao
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  74-80.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223013
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    Objective: To explore the effects of physical exercise on social adaptation among rural minority children and the moderating role of psychological capital in this correlation.
    Methods: A total of 184 ethnic minority children from rural areas in Gansu province recruited via convenience sampling finished the Rural Children's Psychological Capital Inventory, the Rural Children's Social Adjustment Inventory, and the Physical Exercise Inventory.
    Results: Physical exercise positively predicted social adaptation, and the moderating effect of psychological capital was significant. For children with a higher level of psychological capital, their social adaptation did not change significantly with the increase level of sport. For children with a lower level of psychological capital, their social adaptation increased significantly with the increase level of sport.
    Conclusion: Proactive physical exercise could promote social adaptation of ethnic minority children from rural areas; in addition, families, schools, and even the society should actively guide children with a lower level of psychological capital to engage in physical activity, thus enhancing their social adaptation level.
  • ZHANG Chengjiao, HU Guangfu, WANG Cheng, PAN Lingyi
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  81-87.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223014
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    Objective: To investigate the current psychological state and the related factors of Shanghai residents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic lockdown.
    Methods: From May 13 to 20, 2022, 1 402 Shanghai residents, during the COVID-19 epidemic lockdown, were selected by the convenience sampling method, and the self-compiled questionnaire of the demographic information, Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used.
    Results: In the 1 372 eligible people, the total scores of SCL-90 were between 90 and 430, with a median of 114 (98, 144), and the total average scores of SCL-90 were between 1.00 and 4.78, with a median of 1.27. The average SSRS total score (SD) was 37.45 (7.65). The total score of SCL-90 showed a statistically significant difference in employment status (Z=-3.428) and self-rated level of psychological impact (Z =-20.664). There was a statistically significant difference in the somatization factor score of SCL-90 based on whether COVID-19 vaccination has been administered (Z =-5.130), and in the anxiety factor score based on current residence in a prevention area (Z =-1.802). There was a negative correlation between the total scores of SCL-90 and SSRS (r=-0.294, p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=1.373, 95% CI: 1.071 to 1.761), high education level (OR=1.374, 95% CI: 1.039 to 1.818), employment status (OR=1.299, 95% CI: 1.029 to 1.640), and high self-rated level of psychological impact (OR=10.044, 95% CI: 7.834 to 12.876) were risk factors for influencing the psychological state, while a high SSRS total score (OR=0.564, 95%CI: 0.455 to 0.700) was a protective factor.
    Conclusion: The psychological state of Shanghai residents during the COVID-19 epidemic lockdown is relatively stable. Females, individuals with higher levels of education, those who are unemployed, and those who has a higher self-rated psychological impact exhibit poorer psychological states. On the other hand, individuals with higher levels of social support have better psychological states.
  • GUO Qihui, ZENG Yixin, WANG Jianyu, HONG Ang, CAI Chuankun, ZHANG Tianran, XIE Dong, FAN Qing
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  88-95.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223015
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    Objective: To investigate the current competence of psychological counselors and its related factors.
    Methods: An online survey was conducted on 208 psychological counselors nationwide. Each participant was required to answer two questionnaires: (1) The Psychological Counselor Professional Status Questionnaire developed in this study was used to collect general demographic information (gender, age, educational degree, etc.) and professional information (working years, working form, supervision, etc.) of the psychological counselor; (2) The Trainee Evaluation Form was used to measure the competence of the psychological counselor.
    Results: (1) There were no significant difference in competence among psychological counselors with different age, gender and educational degree. (2) The competence of full-time psychological counselors was significantly higher than that of part-time psychological counselors (t=2.468, p=0.014). And compared with the psychological counselors working in the institutions, psychological counselors working in private had significantly higher competence (t=3.746, p<0.001). (3) Psychological counselors with more than 10 years working experience had significantly higher competence (p<0.05). Psychological counselors who had participated in competence-related training had significantly higher competence (t=2.476, p=0.014). Psychological counselors who had less than 5 number of cases per week had significantly lower competence than that of counselors with more than 5 number of cases per week (p<0.05). (4) Regression model (F=10.933, p<0.001, R2=0.177, R2adj=0.161) found that the influence of working years, number of cases per week and practice mode on competence were significant.
    Conclusion: Working years and number of cases per week are the related factors of psychological counselors' competence, and accumulating work experience is still the main way for psychological counselors to improve their competence.
  • REVIEWS
  • XIONG Jiani, CHEN Huamin, XIA Bin, QU Na
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  96-102.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223016
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    As a subjective emotion caused by the failure to satisfy an individual's desired social relationships, loneliness is easily formed under the lack of objective social connections with others. Due to the sudden emergence of the COVID-19, the traditional way of human life and communication has been subverted. Long-term social isolation results in a significant increase of loneliness and induces psychological and emotional problems such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder. Under the impact of the epidemic, it was found that loneliness caused by social isolation and the physical and mental harm that it brought were continuously amplified, and extensive attention to the prevention and treatment of loneliness should be given. In this research, the psychological and physiological mechanisms of loneliness are systematically reviewed and explained. In addition, the intervention methods for loneliness under the epidemic are summarized, providing ideas for effective intervention measures and diagnosis and treatment for early identification, prevention, and alleviation of psychological problems caused by loneliness.
  • LI Jiajia, TAN Shuping
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  103-111.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223017
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    Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to the phenomenon that individuals show cognitive impairment and their instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) are slightly impaired. This article reviews the current electronic screening methods for mild cognitive impairment. It contains the introduction of the attributes of domestic and foreign screening tools for mild cognitive impairment, covering cognitive fields, advantages and disadvantages, subtasks, and psychometric characteristics. In addition, the article also compares various tools and recommends usage scenarios based on their characteristics, which provides references for researchers and clinical workers in selecting tools and lays a theoretical foundation for further research and development of electronic MCI screening tools in the future.
  • ZHANG Hao, WEN Xue
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  112-120.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223018
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    Vicarious embarrassment is a unique and common emotional experience. It is a psychological process in which individuals feel embarrassed by other people's embarrassment. It is a new field of social emotion research. By reviewing the relevant research studies in recent years, the unique cognitive mechanism, physiological mechanism, and brain mechanism of vicarious embarrassment are sorted out, the effects of the characteristics of awareness and intentional contexts and interpersonal connections on vicarious embarrassment are analyzed, and the practical application value of vicarious embarrassment in various aspects is summarized. The future research of vicarious embarrassment should continuously expand its perspective while continuing to explore its underlying mechanisms, and based on this, form a unified and integrated theoretical framework.
  • COMMUNICATION
  • ZENG Yan, TAN Xiaohong, CHEN Si, DENG Shanshan
    Psychological Communications. 2023, (2):  121-127.  DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.223019
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    With the increase of the availability and accessibility of film, cinematherapy has received more and more attention in recent years, gradually becoming one of the important means of psychological counseling and therapy. Through the theoretical and empirical research on cinematherapy at home and abroad, this paper reviews and comments based on theoretical foundation, treatment means and applied research. In addition, it points out the shortcomings of this therapy in China and puts forward prospects from both theoretical research and applied research.