目的：探讨偏执型人格障碍者的面孔情绪识别功能与健康人格者的异同以及偏执型人格障碍者是否在情绪识别功能上存在缺陷。
方法：在某高校男性大学生中选取15名在明尼苏达多项人格测验（Minnesota Multiphasic Per-sonality Inventory，MMPI）中偏执因子分高于60分,且由精神科医师诊断为偏执型人格障碍的个体作为偏执型人格障碍组（实验组），15名MMPI各项量表分在正常范围内的男性大学生作为健康对照组。通过情感强度识别任务了解两组对于6种面孔情绪的识别功能。比较两组的情绪识别功能差异。
结果：（1）面孔情绪识别任务中两组在总体正确率和分量表得分上差异无统计学意义；（2）实验组在对悲伤面孔进行评价时反应时间长于对照组；（3）实验组对愤怒、悲伤和高兴面孔的情感强度评分低于对照组；（4）对面孔进行某种类型的情绪强度评分时，除该类情绪外的其他情绪面孔为非靶向情绪面孔，实验组对非靶向情绪面孔的愤怒和厌恶强度评分高于对照组，对非靶向情绪面孔的惊讶和高兴强度评分低于对照组。
结论：偏执型人格障碍者无法准确识别愤怒、悲伤和高兴情绪的强度，并且有将非靶向情绪面孔识别为有较高的愤怒和厌恶情绪的倾向。
Objective: To explore the differences of the face emotion recognition function between people with paranoid personality disorder and those with healthy personality, and whether people with paranoid personality disorder have any deficit in emotion recognition.
Results: In a university, 15 male students who scored higher than 60 in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and were diagnosed with paranoid personality disorder by a psychiatrist were selected as the paranoid personality disorder group (experimental group) and 15 male students whose scores of all subscales in MMPI were within the normal range were selected as the healthy control group. Through the emotional intensity recognition task, the similarities and differences of their facial emotion recognition functions were obtained, and the differences between the two groups were compared using t-test.
Results: (1) There was no difference in the overall accuracy and scores in subscales between the two groups in the face emotion recognition task. (2) When evaluating sad faces, the response time of the experimental group was longer than the control group. (3) The experimental group had lower affective intensity ratings on angry, sad, and happy faces than the control group. (4) When rating a certain type of emotion intensity on the faces, emotional faces other than this kind of emotion were non-target emotional faces. The experimental group had higher intensity ratings on anger and disgust of the non-target emotional faces than the control group, and had lower intensity ratings on surprise and happiness of the non-target emotional faces than the control group.
Conclusions: People with paranoid personality disorder could not accurately identify the intensity of anger, sadness, and happiness, and had a tendency to recognize non-target emotional faces as having higher anger and disgust emotion intensity.
[1] 傅小兰, 王辉, 范伟. (2015). 抑郁症患者的面部表情识别研究. 心理与行为研究, 13(5), 691-697+720.
[2] 龚栩, 黄宇霞, 王妍, 罗跃嘉. (2011). 中国面孔表情图片系统的修订. 中国心理卫生杂志, 25(1), 40-46. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6729.2011.01.011
[3] 黄学军, 李荐中. (2016). 中国社区中的心理健康案例研究(十八)——偏执型人格障碍. 中国全科医学,19(16), 1986-1988. doi: 10.3 969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.16.030
[4] 刘宏艳, 胡治国. (2015). 面部表情识别的影响因素:面部特征及观察者特性. 中国临床心理学杂志, 23(3), 453-457.
[5] 雷婕, 丁亚平. (2013). 面部表情:一些争论. 心理科学进展,21(10), 1749-1754.
[6] 罗维, 焦文燕, 刘欣. (2015). 偏执型人格障碍的认知行为咨询案例报告. 社会心理科学, (Z2), 95-99.
[7] 宋维真. (1985). 中国人使用明尼苏达多相个性测验表的结果分析. 心理学报, 17(4), 346-355.
[8] 谢笑春, 陈武, 雷雳. (2016). 个人中心视角下青少年人格类型与社会性发展. 心理科学, 39(6), 1420-1425. doi: 10.16719/j.cnki.16 71-6981.20160621
[9] 俞少华. (2012). 偏执型精神分裂症面部情绪识别与述情障碍的执行功能与人格基础(博士学位论文). 浙江大学, 杭州.
[10] 朱园园, 周振和, 袁国桢. (2016). 精神分裂症面孔情绪识别功能相关研究. 精神医学杂志, 29(3), 182-185.
[11] Ekman, P. (1992). An argument for basic emotions.Cogn Emot, 6(3-4), 169-200. doi: 10.1080/02699939208411068
[12] Grant B. F., Hasin D. S., Stinson F. S., Dawson D. A., Chou S. P., Ruan W. J., & Pickering R. P. (2004). Prevalence, correlates, and disability of personality disorders in the United States: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions. Clin Psychiatry, 65(7), 948-958.
[13] Lee, R. (2017). Mistrustful and misunderstood: A review of paranoid personality disorder.Curr Behav Neurosci Rep, 4(2), 151-165. doi: 10.1007/s40473-017-0116-7
[14] Mitrovic M., Ristic M., Dimitrijevic B., & Hadzi Pesic M. (2020). Facial emotion recognition and persecutory ideation in paranoid schizophrenia.Psychol Rep, 123(4), 1099-1116. doi: 10.1177/0033294119849016.
[15] Russel, J. A. (2003). Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion.Psychological Review, 110, 145-172.
[16] Williams L. M., Das P., Harris A. W. F., Liddell B. B., Brammer M. J., Olivieri G.,.. Gordon E. (2004). Dysregulation of arousal and amygdala-prefrontal systems in paranoid schizophrenia.Am J Psychiatry, 161(3), 480-489. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.3.480
