目的：分析老年人睡眠时长、生活满意度和抑郁症状的关系,探讨睡眠时长在生活满意度与抑郁症状关系中的作用。
方法：使用中国健康与养老追踪调查（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS）数据库2020年的数据,选取60岁及以上老年人为研究对象。采用Spearman秩相关分析生活满意度、睡眠时长与老年人抑郁症状之间的相关性。通过Logistic回归模型分析生活满意度、睡眠时长与抑郁症状的关系。运用bootstrap检验,分析睡眠时长在老年人生活满意度与抑郁症状之间的作用。
结果：Spearman秩相关分析表明,老年人生活满意度（ρ=-0.265,p<0.05）、睡眠时长（ρ=-0.207,p<0.05）与抑郁症状呈负相关,生活满意度与睡眠时长呈正相关（ρ=0.106,p<0.05）。中介效应分析发现,以生活满意度划分为“不满意”的组别为参照,在划分为“比较满意”和“很满意”的老年人群体中,睡眠时长在生活满意度与抑郁症状的关系中起到部分中介作用,效应值分别为-0.478（95%CI：-0.613~-0.349）和-0.649（95%CI：-0.796~-0.512）。
结论：老年人生活满意度、睡眠时长与抑郁症状存在显著关联,且睡眠时长在生活满意度与抑郁症状之间起到部分中介作用。
Objective: To analyze the relationship between life satisfaction, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms in older adults, and to explore the mediating role of sleep duration between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms.
Methods: Questionnaire data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) of older adults aged 60 and above were used. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to examine the relationship between life satisfaction, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms. Logistic regression model was used to assess the relationships between variables, and a bootstrap test was used to examine the mediating role of sleep duration in the relationship between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms.
Results: Spearman correlation analysis showed that life satisfaction (ρ=-0.265, p<0.05) and sleep duration (ρ=-0.207, p<0.05) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, while life satisfaction was positively correlated with sleep duration (ρ=0.106, p<0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that sleep duration played a partial mediating role in the relationship between moderate life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (effect size = -0.478, 95% CI: -0.613 to -0.349) compared to those with low life satisfaction, and also between high life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (effect size = -0.649, 95% CI: -0.796 to -0.512).
Conclusion: Life satisfaction, sleep status, and depressive symptoms are significantly interrelated in older adults. Sleep duration played a partial mediating role between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms.
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