目的: 基于家庭系统理论,采用完全随机截距交叉滞后模型（random intercept cross-lagged panel model,RI-CLPM）分析父母教养方式与网络成瘾的双向动态关系。
方法: 采取整群抽样法选取山东省某大学912名大学生为被试,通过问卷星收集数据对被试进行四次追踪测试,每次测试间隔约为半年,使用工具为简式父母教养方式问卷和中文网络成瘾量表。通过共同方法偏差检验、纵向测量等值性检验及描述统计与相关分析,构建RI-CLPM对数据进行统计处理。
结果: 在控制被试性别、年龄、户籍所在地和家庭收入的影响后：（1）在个体间,父母拒绝（p<0.001）和过度保护（p<0.001）均与网络成瘾呈正相关,情感温暖（p<0.001）与网络成瘾呈负相关;（2）在个体内,第二次测试父母拒绝（p<0.001）和过度保护（p<0.01）显著正向预测第三次测试网络成瘾,第三次测试网络成瘾显著正向预测第四次测试父母拒绝（p<0.01）和过度保护（p<0.001）。第二次测试（p<0.05）和第三次测试（p<0.001）情感温暖显著负向预测后续网络成瘾。
结论: 父母拒绝、过度保护与网络成瘾可跨时间相互正向预测,二者构成相互强化的恶性循环。本研究对网络成瘾的家庭防治具有重要作用。
Objective: Drawing upon the family system theory, this study employed a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) to explore the bidirectional associations between parenting styles and Internet addiction among college students.
Methods: Using a cluster sampling approach, 912 college students from a university in Shandong Province were recruited and completed four waves of longitudinal surveys at approximately six-month intervals through the Wenjuanxing online questionnaire platform. Assessment tools included Short-Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran and the Chinese Internet Addiction Scale. After conducting tests for common method bias and longitudinal measurement invariance, along with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, a RI-CLPM was constructed to analyze the data.
Results: After controlling the effects of gender, age, household registration, and household income, the following results were obtained: (1) At the between-person level, parental rejection (p<0.001) and overprotection (p<0.001) were significantly positively associated with Internet addiction, whereas emotional warmth (p<0.001) was significantly negatively associated with Internet addiction. (2) At the within-person level, parental rejection (p<0.001) and overprotection (p<0.01) measured at T2 significantly positively predicted Internet addiction at T3. Conversely, Internet addiction at T3 significantly positively predicted parental rejection (p<0.01) and overprotection (p<0.001) at T4. Additionally, emotional warmth measured at T2 (p<0.05) and at T3 (p<0.001) significantly negatively predicted subsequent Internet addiction.
Conclusion: Parental rejection, overprotection and Internet addiction demonstrated reciprocal positive prediction, forming a mutually reinforcing vicious circle. The results hold significant implications for the family-based prevention and intervention strategies for Internet addiction, particularly among college students.
[1] 白羽, 樊富珉. (2005). 大学生网络依赖测量工具的修订与应用.心理发展与教育, 21(4), 99-104. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4918.2005.04.019
[2] 董倩, 马青艳, 董莹莹, 王崴, 马现仓. (2024). 亲子关系和环境敏感性对青少年心理健康的共同作用.西安交通大学学报(医学版), 45(5), 866-871.
[3] 蒋奖, 鲁峥嵘, 蒋苾菁, 许燕. (2010). 简式父母教养方式问卷中文版的初步修订.心理发展与教育, 26(1), 94-99. doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2010.01.017
[4] 李颖, 阿拉坦巴根. (2025). 不同气质类型对大学生人际关系的影响:父母教养方式的作用.心理月刊, 20 (8), 96-99. doi: 10.19738/j.cnki.psy.2025.08.028
[5] 汤丹丹, 温忠麟. (2020). 共同方法偏差检验:问题与建议. 心理科学, 43(1), 215-223. doi: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20200130
[6] 谢佳琼, 陈科. (2021). 父母教养方式对大学新生不良适应行为的影响. 青年研究, (5), 64-77, 96. doi: CNKI:SUN:QNYJ.0.2021-05-006
[7] 杨静慧. (2023). 家庭结构对农村青少年外化问题行为的影响:亲子关系的中介效应.湖北社会科学, (3), 48-58. doi: 10.13660/j.cnki.42-1112/c.016072
[8] 中国互联网络信息中心. (2025). 第55次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告. 2025-4-17取自https://www.cnnic.net.cn/NMediaFile/2025/0313/MAIN17418452848150SDUMQZGSU.pdf
[9] Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model.Psychol Bull, 113(3), 487-496.
[10] Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive Behavioral model of pathological internet use.Comput Hum Behav, 17(2), 187-195. doi: 10.1016/s0747-5632(00)00041-8
[11] Guo Y., Chen H., You X., Liu X., Sun X., & Jin Y. (2024). Relationship between parenting style and internet addiction: Interpersonal relationship problem as a mediator and gender as a moderator.Heliyon, 10(2), e23973. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e23973
[12] Karaer, Y., & Akdemir, D. (2019). Parenting styles, perceived social support and emotion regulation in adolescents with Internet addiction.Compr Psychiatry, 92, 22-27. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.03.003
[13] Kaya A., Türk N., Batmaz H., & Griffiths M. D. (2024). Online gaming addiction and basic psychological needs among adolescents: The mediating roles of meaning in life and responsibility.Int J Ment Health Addict, 22, 2413-2437. doi: 10.1007/s11469-022-00994-9
[14] Ko C. H., Yen J. Y., Chen C. S., Yeh Y. C., & Yen C. F. (2009). Predictive values of psychiatric symptoms for Internet addiction in adolescents: A 2-year prospective study.Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 163(10), 937-943.doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.159
[15] Li J., Yu C., Zhen S., & Zhang W. (2021). Parent-adolescent communication, school engagement, and Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: The moderating effect of rejection sensitivity.Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(7), 3542. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073542
[16] Liu D., Wang Z., Yang X., Zhang Y., & Lin S. (2021). Perceived autonomy-supportive parenting and Internet addiction: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia moderated the mediating effect of basic psychological need satisfaction. Curr Psychol, 40(9), 4255-4264. doi: 10.1007/s12144-019-00485-6
[17] Lo C., Ho F. K., Emery C., Chan K. L., & Ip P. (2021). Association of harsh parenting and maltreatment with Internet addiction, and the mediating role of bullying and social support.Child Abuse Negl, 113(4), 104928. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.104928
[18] Moreno Carmona N. D., Marín-Cortés A. F., Cano V. H., Sanabria-González J. A., Jaramillo-Suárez Á. M., & Ossa-Ossa J. C. (2021). Mediaciones parentales y uso de internet por niños, niñas y adolescentes colombianos. Interdisciplinaria Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, 38(2), 275-290. doi: 10.16888/interd.2021.38.2.18
[19] Pöpplau, J. A., & Hanganu-Opatz, I. L. (2024). Development of prefrontal circuits and cognitive abilities.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol, 16(10), a041502. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041502
[20] Qi H., Kang Q., & Bi C. (2022). How does the parent-adolescent relationship affect adolescent internet addiction? Parents’ distinctive influences.Front Psychol, 13, 886168. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.886168
[21] Shek D., Zhu X., & Ma C. (2018). The influence of parental control and parent-child relational qualities on adolescent Internet addiction: A 3-year longitudinal study in Hong Kong. Front Psychol, 9, Article 642. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00642
[22] Tian Y., Bian Y., Han P., Gao F., & Wang P. (2017). Associations between psychosocial factors and generalized pathological internet use in Chinese university students: A longitudinal cross-lagged analysis. Comput Hum Behav., 72(6), 178-188. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.048
[23] Wang, Y., & Zeng, Y. (2024). Relationship between loneliness and internet addiction: A meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 858. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18366-4
[24] Young, K. (1996, August). Internet addiction : The emergence of a new clinical disorder. the 104th annual meeting of the American Psychological Association,Toronto, Canada.
