综述

无法忍受不确定性的进化机制、现代失配表现及干预策略

  • 范永芳 ,
  • 杨硕 ,
  • 张萍 ,
  • 仲慧婷
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  • 沈阳师范大学教育科学学院,沈阳 110034
范永芳,沈阳师范大学教育科学学院应用心理学专业硕士研究生,研究方向为青少年人格与社会性发展。

网络出版日期: 2026-03-31

基金资助

辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目一般项目(L24BSH009)

The Evolutionary Mechanisms, Modern Mismatch Manifestations, and Intervention Strategies of Intolerance of Uncertainty

  • FAN Yongfang ,
  • YANG Shuo ,
  • ZHANG Ping ,
  • ZHONG Huiting
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  • Shengyang Normal University, School of Educational Science, Shenyang 110034, China

Online published: 2026-03-31

摘要

无法忍受不确定性(intolerance of uncertainty,IU)作为一项重要的心理特征,在多种心理障碍中普遍存在,显著影响个体的身心健康。从进化心理学视角看,IU是人类应对生存、社交与繁衍压力的适应性机制,其形成可由环境适应性假说、错误管理理论与社会适应性假说解释。然而,因进化失配,上述机制在现代社会出现功能异化:环境适应性假说强调风险警觉过度易诱发个体心理障碍;错误管理理论指出高估威胁倾向易导致决策困难;社会适应性假说提出社交不确定性则易引发社交焦虑。针对这些问题,情绪调节训练、认知行为疗法与构建社会支持系统是有效的干预策略。未来研究需加强理论整合,并开展干预效果长期追踪与跨文化研究。

本文引用格式

范永芳 , 杨硕 , 张萍 , 仲慧婷 . 无法忍受不确定性的进化机制、现代失配表现及干预策略[J]. 心理学通讯, 2025 , 8(4) : 330 -336 . DOI: 10.12100/j.issn.2096-5494.225045

Abstract

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a significant psychological trait that is prevalent across various psychological disorders and has a significant impact on individuals' physical and mental health. From an evolutionary psychology perspective, IU represents an adaptive mechanism developed in response to pressures related to survival, social interaction, and reproduction. Its formation can be explained by the environmental adaptability hypothesis, error management theory, and social adaptability hypothesis. However, due to evolutionary mismatch, these mechanisms manifest as functional deviations in modern society: the heightened risk vigilance emphasized by the environmental adaptability hypothesis may increase vulnerability to psychological disorders; the threat overestimation bias highlighted by error management theory often leads to decision-making difficulties; and the social sensitivity posited by the social adaptability hypothesis is prone to trigger social anxiety. To address these issues, effective intervention strategies include emotion regulation training, cognitive behavioral therapy, and the construction of social support systems. Future research should strengthen theoretical integration and conduct long-term follow-up and cross-cultural studies to further examine intervention effects.

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