目的：探讨自尊和社会支持在父母情感温暖和初中生网络利他行为之间的序列中介作用。
方法：采用方便取样法,于2024年4月至6月选取河南省洛阳市某中学860名初一、初二学生,使用网络利他行为量表、简式父母教养方式量表（父母情感温暖维度）、自尊量表及青少年社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查。
结果：（1）男生的自尊水平高于女生（t=2.621,p=0.009）;初一学生得到的父母情感温暖水平和社会支持水平均高于初二学生（t=2.427,p=0.015;t=2.029,p=0.043）,但网络利他行为水平低于初二学生（t=-2.363,p=0.018）。（2）父母情感温暖与自尊、社会支持和网络利他行为均呈正相关（r=0.403, p<0.001; r=0.502, p<0.001; r=0.199, p<0.001）,自尊与社会支持、网络利他行为均呈正相关（r=0.460,p<0.001;r=0.157,p<0.001）,社会支持与网络利他行为呈正相关（r=0.288,p<0.001）。（3）父母情感温暖对网络利他行为的促进效应显著,其中社会支持的独立中介效应显著（效应值0.091, 95% CI：0.056~0.130, 占总效应的43.5%）,自尊与社会支持的序列中介效应显著（效应值0.029, 95% CI: 0.017~0.044, 占总效应13.9%）;而自尊的间接效应不显著。
结论：父母情感温暖不仅能通过社会支持的独立中介作用正向影响初中生的网络利他行为,还能通过“自尊→社会支持”的序列中介路径发挥作用。提升父母情感温暖水平有助于增强初中生的自尊和社会支持,进而促进其网络利他行为。
Objective: To investigate the sequential mediating effect of junior high school students' self-esteem and social support on the relation between their parental emotional warmth and network altruistic behavior.
Methods: From April to June in 2024, 860 first- and second-year junior high school students from a middle school in Luoyang, Henan Province, were recruited using the convenience sampling method. They were surveyed with the Internet Altruistic Behavior Scale, the Short-form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (parental emotional warmth dimension), the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Adolescent Social Support Rate Scale.
Results: (1) The self-esteem level of junior high school boys was higher than that of girls (t=2.621, p=0.009). First-year students received higher levels of parental emotional warmth and social support than second-year students (t=2.427, p=0.015; t=2.029, p=0.043), but their level of internet altruistic behavior was lower than that of second-year students (t=-2.363, p=0.018). (2) There was a positive correlation between parental emotional warmth and self-esteem, social support, and network altruistic behavior (r=0.403, p<0.001; r=0.502, p<0.001; r=0.199, p<0.001). Self-esteem and social support, as well as network altruistic behavior, were positively correlated (r=0.460, p<0.001; r=0.157, p<0.001); and social support and network altruistic behavior were positively correlated (r=0.288, p<0.001). (3) The promotion effect of parental emotional warmth on network altruistic behavior was significant, with the independent mediating effect of social support being significant (effect value=0.091, 95% CI: 0.056 to 0.130, accounting for 43.5% of the total effect), and the sequential mediating effect of self-esteem and social support was significant (effect value=0.029, 95% CI: 0.017 to 0.044, accounting for 13.9% of the total effect). The indirect effect of self-esteem was not significant.
Conclusions: Parental emotional warmth can positively influence junior high school students' online altruistic behavior not only through the independent mediating role of social support, but also through the sequential mediating pathway of 'self-esteem → social support.' Enhancing parental emotional warmth may help improve adolescents' self-esteem and social support, thereby promoting their online altruistic behavior.
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