目的：探究大学生童年期创伤经历、述情障碍和人际困扰之间的关系。
方法：采用方便取样,选用童年期创伤经历量表（Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28 Short Form）、多伦多述情障碍量表（The Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20）和人际关系综合诊断量表对466名大学生进行线上问卷调查。采用SPSS 26.0软件和AMOS 24.0软件对数据进行统计分析和中介效应检验。
结果：大学生童年期创伤经历、述情障碍及人际困扰在性别上的差异无统计学意义。非独生子女的大学生在童年期创伤经历（p<0.001）和述情障碍上的得分（p=0.023）高于独生子女,差异有统计学意义。家庭不和睦的个体在童年期创伤经历（p<0.001）、述情障碍（p=0.021）和人际困扰上（p=0.001）的得分高于家庭和睦的个体,差异有统计学意义。童年期创伤经历与述情障碍呈正相关（r=0.254,p<0.001）,童年期创伤经历与人际困扰呈正相关（r=0.268,p<0.001）,述情障碍与人际困扰呈正相关（r=0.461,p<0.001）。述情障碍在童年期创伤经历和大学生人际困扰之间发挥部分中介作用,间接效应值为0.212,占总效应值的43.62%。
结论：早期的创伤经历可能会导致个体出现述情障碍,从而增加其未来出现人际困扰的可能性。
Objective: To explore the relationship among traumatic experiences in childhood, alexithymia, and interpersonal distress of college students.
Methods: Using the convenience sampling method, 466 college students were surveyed online by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-28 Short Form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, and the Interpersonal Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale. SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to analyze the data and test the mediation effect.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in gender between childhood traumatic experiences, alexithymia, and interpersonal distress of college students. College students who were not an only child have higher scores in childhood trauma experiences and alexithymia than only children, and the differences were statistically significant (p<; 0.001 and p=0.023). The scores of traumatic experiences in childhood, alexithymia, and interpersonal distress of individuals with disharmony in family were higher than those with a harmonious family, and the differences were statistically significant (p<; 0.001, p=0.021 and p=0.001). Traumatic experiences in childhood were positively correlated with alexithymia (r=0.254, p<; 0.001); traumatic experiences in childhood were positively correlated with interpersonal distress (r=0.268, p<; 0.001); alexithymia was positively correlated with interpersonal distress (r=0.461, p<; 0.001). Alexithymia partially mediated the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and interpersonal distress. The indirect effect value was 0.212, accounting for 43.62% of the total effect value.
Conclusion: Early traumatic experiences may lead to alexithymia and increase the likelihood of future interpersonal distress.
[1] 阿茹娜. (2019). 大学生手机成瘾对人际关系的影响: 述情障碍和社交回避的中介作用(硕士学位论文). 哈尔滨工程大学.
[2] 陈明英. (2016). 高中生人际困扰与儿童期创伤经历的相关研究及个案干预(硕士学位论文). 重庆师范大学.
[3] 戴汶珂. (2021). 大学生原生家庭功能与认知偏差的关系: 安全感和人际关系行为困扰的多重中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 29(9), 1407-1411. doi: 10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2021.09.026
[4] 宫火良. (2008). 述情障碍与心身疾病的关系. 神经疾病与精神卫生, 8(1), 39-41.
[5] 侯玉波. (2018). 社会心理学 (第四版). 北京大学出版社..
[6] 冀云, 赵斌, 马艳杰. (2015). 大学生自卑感在亲密恐惧与童年期创伤经历关系中的中介作用. 中国心理卫生杂志, 29(6), 457-462.
[7] 刘娜. (2020). 新冠肺炎疫情下大学生心理健康分析和辅导. 山西高等学校社会科学学报, 32(8), 33-36. doi: 10.16396/j.cnki.sxgxskxb. 2020.08.008
[8] 凌宇, 钟明天, 蚁金瑶, 杨娟, 姚树桥. (2012). 述情障碍特征对青少年应激与抑郁症状的调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 20(2), 168-171+206. doi:10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2012.02.035
[9] 芦玥. (2017). 忽视型家庭教养方式下儿童同伴关系研究: 以Q区七所托管班为例(硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 武汉.
[10] 桑标. (2009). 儿童发展心理学. 北京: 高等教育出版社.
[11] 苏珊.福沃德, 克雷格.巴克. (2018). 原生家庭: 如何修补自己的性格缺陷 (黄姝, 王婷译). 北京时代华文书局.
[12] 温忠麟, 黄彬彬, 汤丹丹. (2018). 问卷数据建模前传. 心理科学, 41(1), 204-210. doi: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20180130
[13] 向燕辉, 袁蓉, 赵佳旭. (2021). 儿童期虐待与成年后孤独感的关系: 反刍思维与核心自我评价的中介作用. 心理科学, 44(1), 191-198. doi: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20210127
[14] 蚁金瑶, 姚树桥, 朱熊兆. (2003). TAS-20中文版的信度、效度分析. 中国心理卫生杂志, 17(11), 763-767. doi: 10.3321/j.issn: 1000-67 29.2003.11.011
[15] 郑日昌. (主编). (1999). 大学生心理诊断. 济南: 山东教育出版社.
[16] 赵幸福, 张亚林, 李龙飞, 周云飞, 李鹤展, 杨世昌. (2005). 中文版儿童期虐待问卷的信度和效度. 中国临床康复, 9(20), 105-107.
[17] Brockie T. N., Dana-Sacco G., Wallen G. R., Wilcox H. C., & Campbell J. C. (2015). The relationship of adverse childhood experiences to PTSD, depression, poly-drug use and suicide attempt in reservation-based native American adolescents and young adults.Am J Commun Psychol, 55(3-4), 411-421. doi: 10.1007/s10464-015-9721-3
[18] Coates, A. A., & Messman-Moore, T. L. (2014). A structural model of mechanisms predicting depressive symptoms in women following childhood psychological maltreatment.Child Abuse Neglect, 38(1), 103-113. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.10.005
[19] Guerra C., Farkas C., & Moncada L. (2018). Depression, anxiety and PTSD in sexually abused adolescents: Association with self-efficacy, coping and family support.Child Abuse Neglect, 76, 310-320. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.11.013
[20] Sifneos, P. E. (1973). The prevalence of ‘alexithymic' characteristics in psychosomatic patients.Psychother Psychosom, 22(2), 255-262. doi: 10.1159/000286529
[21] Terock J., Van der Auwera S., Janowitz D., Homuth G., Hannemann A., Schmidt C. O., .. Grabe H. J. (2018). Childhood trauma and functional variants of 5-HTTLPR are independently associated with alexithymia in 5, 283 subjects from the general population.Psychother Psychosom, 87(1), 58-61. doi: 10.1159/000484143
[22] World Health Organization. (1999). Report of the consultation on child abuse prevention. Geneva: WHO, 29-31.
[23] Xiang Y. H., Wang W. X., & Guan F. (2018). The relationship between child maltreatment and dispositional envy and the mediating effect of self-esteem and social support in young adults.Front Psychol, 9, 1054. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01054
